What would qualify an artificial intelligence for moral standing?

Abstract What criteria must an artificial intelligence (AI) satisfy to qualify for moral standing? My starting point is that sentient AIs should standing. But future may have unusual combinations of cognitive capacities, such as a high level sophistication without sentience. This raises the question whether sentience necessary criterion standing, or merely sufficient. After reviewing nine been proposed in literature, I suggest there strong case thinking some non-sentient AIs, those are conscious and non-valenced preferences goals, non-conscious sufficiently cognitively complex responding challenges, tentatively argue taking into account uncertainty about which entity strategic considerations how decisions will affect humans other entities, further supports granting standing AIs. highlight three implications: issue AI be more important, terms scale urgency, than if either consciousness necessary; researchers working on policies designed inclusive broaden their scope include all with morally relevant interests; even who think cannot take seriously. However, much these remains, making this important topic research.